Pile gauge



J. A. GOETZ July 23, 1940.

PILE GAUGE Filed Aug. l5, 1939 Patented July 23, 1940 PILE GAUGE Julius A. Goetz, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to John Zimmerman & Sons, Incorporated, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application August 15, 1939, serial No. 290,321

4 Claims.

, This invention relates to jointed gauge wires for use inthe weaving of textile fabrics, wherein a pluralityof such wires are interspersed among the warp threads in a loo-m and extend substan- 51.- tially parallel thereto in that portion of the woven fabric lyinguadjacent and forward of the fell,

and along those portions of the warp threads pile tufts or loops, in accordance with the char-` acter of the finished fabric desired.

20,A It is common practice, in weaving, to use jointed gauge wires, and to weave one section of each wire into that portion of the fabric lying at and adjacent the fell, with another section of eachl wire pivoted, end to end, to the woven-in 2d, section, at the fell, and extending rearwardly therefrom, to rise and fall with selected warp threads for forming open warp sheds to receive weft threads carried through the open warp sheds by shuttles operating transversely to the warps.

30'. As the weaving of the fabric progresses, pick by pick, thewoven-in ends of the gauge wires are slipped rearwardly within the fabric accordingly, Le. the fabric is intermittently woven off or drawn off the free ends of the wires by the takel. up mechanism of the loom. In order to slip the free .ends of the woven-in sections of the gauge wires in the fabric, the opposite ends of the wires heretofore have been pivotally attached to the heddle wires, by which the movable sections of 40, the gauge wires which extend rearwardly from the fell are raised and lowered in the shed forming operations. This places the heddle wires under severe lateral-or transverse strain and frequently causes breakage or permanent distortion 45', thereof. Such distortion has a detrimental effect on the weaving of perfect fabric and requires frequent stoppages for replacement with a consequent loss of production.

The object of the present invention is to re- 50; lieve the heddle wires of the transverse strains attending the slipping of the woven-in sections of the gauge wires in the fabric in oppositionv to the operation of the take-up mechanism of the loom. 'I'his object is attained by eliminating 5,5; thefixed pivotal connection between the heddle wire and the movable section of the gaugewira, extending the gauge wire through an eyeformed in the heddle wire to Va' point beyond .the `rearof the heddle wire, adding a third section to each gauge wire, and forming a connectionggthereby '5*5 between the rear end of the movable section ofy the gauge wire vand a rigid anchorage located,- behind and remote tothe rear of ythe-heddle wires. ,l Y Avgauge wire constructed in vaccordance withg 10f the principles of the present invention will `be fully disclosed hereinaftengreference being had` to the accompanying'drawing,of'which: Fig. l is a perspective view of suiicientof the gauge wire and the cooperating heddle wire to `il-,- Il? lustrate the construction of each thereofyf- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic longitudinalsectional View of a portion Vof arloom of thedouble shuttle type illustrating a pair of gaugeV wires con-` structed in accordancewith the'principlesf of the'y present invention; I s, 2 Fig. 3 is an enlarged fdetail, partly-,in Secti0n, illustrating the anchorage 'for the gauge wire;v x Fig. 4 `is a detail view,=partly in section, illus-,1 trating the pivotal connection between Atwov sec- 25. tions of the gauge wire; and` 1 M Fig. 5 diagrammaticallylillustrates one ofthe gauge wires operating in a loom-of vthe single shuttle type for producing single 'ply fabrics, or double ply fabrics connected; by pile forming 3,0.V yarns extending from one to the other' with onesection of the 'wire interposed between said fabrics. y i f2' As sho-wn in Fig.` 1, e'achgauge wire; accorde, ing to the present invention, includes'asection 35 l which is adapted to be woven into a striprof fabric, at Vand adjacent the fell. f A 'niovablf section 2 extends rearwardly from thefell,` for. rising and falling with the warp threads tofform.T open sheds therewith 'for passage of the :shuttle,-. 4,0 the section 2 being pivotally connected at 3*, inl end to end relation, to the-woven-inVVV sectional.l Pivctally connected at 4 tothe opposite end o'ff the shed-fo-rming section 2, isu an ,anchor'section 5, said section 5 being connected, in end ,tol end relation, to thesection 2, making a ,complter jointed gauge wire composed of theA s'yuceeding.y sections I, 2 andi. v 2 t L 'I'he'rear end li` of each anchor section Slis broadened and provided 'with an elongatedr slot 'I for reception of a rigid anchor bar 8. QTiigeiy bar 8 has pivotal connection with .a pluralityv of hook-like members 9-disposed at opposite- ,ends of the bar and at spaced/intervals ,tlvlele'rzetiliieefil.y 55

elf

if desired. The anchorage hooks 9 are connected to a permanently fixed anchorage I 0.

Each hook 9 includes a shank portion II eX- tending through the fixed anchorage bar IIJ. `'Ihe shank II is encircled by` a spring I2 disposed between the rear face of the anchorage I0 and an adjustable abutment I3 mounted on the rear end of the shank II` of each hook 9. o

As shown in Fig. 1, the anchorage section 5, in the present instance, is composed of a single strip of metal folded upon itself, with -the oppof site ends 6, 6 of the strip placed in laterally abutting aligned relation to each other. The main y n body portions I4, I4 also lie in lateral abutting vrelation to each other and form an eye or loop I5 at one end of the section 5 which is adapted o vto pass through a crescent shaped opening I6 formed in the rear end of the yshed-forming sec-V tion 2. The concaved edge II of the crescent shaped opening I6 bears against the at surface on the inner side oftheeXtreme end of the eye I-5fof-the anchorage section 5.

The shed-forming section 2 is-longitudinally slotted inwardly from the crescent opening I 6 to permit the widened eye-end 6 of one of the body portions I4 to be'passed through the shed-forming section 2 in producing the loop or eye I5'in the anchorage section 5.

'I'he opposite end of the shed section 2 is simi- X lai-ly connected at 3 tothe woven-'in section I.

longitudinally-movable heddle Wire 25.

v The-Wovenein section I is composed of a single strip of metal folded-upon itself to provide a suitable eyef'or loop I8 having' the inner flat surface IS-of the extreme end of the loop bearing i against and rockingon the concaved edge 20 of the crescent opening 2| forming part of the pivotalxconnection l3. 1

Each shed-forming section 2 is adapted to pass through an elongated eye 24 formed in a vertical 24 is formed by slitting the wire longitudinally and? displacing ,one portion 26 in one direction andfzfoneor more adjacent portions 21 in lthe opposite direction, laterally with respect to the planeof the Wire 25, a sucient distance to pro- 56'5 thetwosubstantially in the common plane occuvide forlfree relative movement of the gauge Wire section Z'therein". The'eye 24 is sufficiently long, withfrespect to the width of the gauge wire section 2to'permitfree rocking movement between pied thereby'. As shown in Fig. 2, the heddle wires 25 are connected aty their opposite ends to upper and lower bars 28, 28, forming part of the heddle 51511 frames which areoperated'by'suitable mechanism forming part of the loom, to produce the warp sheds for Weaving of the fabric, itA being understoodthat the warp threads pass through similar heddle Wires carried .by other heddle frames for dn'fovementwith or invopposition to the movements of the'v heddle frames which control the gaugeY wires- 25 ofthe present invention, for forming the ,Open War-p slfleds Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, the anchorage 8for the gauge wire is located on a direct line (a). with the pivotal connection 3 between the l sections I andi of--the wire, in a medianv plane between the extremepositions (bl) andv (c) into which, the shed-forming sectionsA 2l are movable, 2 whereby thegauge wireisheld under substantially uniform tension throughout itsfull angular movecured by a pivotalI connection directly to" its con- Theeye trolling heddle wire, as indicated at a: in Fig. 2, and in the movement of the shed-forming section from one extreme position (c) to its other extreme position (b) the pivot tends to move in an arc (y), throwing the pivot out of the normal plane of movement of the heddle wire to an extent substantially equal to that indicated at (2),.thereby placing ythe heddle wire under a heavy lateral or transverse strain attending the slipping of the section Iin the fabric, it being necessary to place suilcient transverse strain on the heddle Wire to overcome the friction of the woven-in section of the gauge wireto effect withdrawal thereof from` the fabric.

In accordance With the principles of the present invention, the heddle wires 25 are relieved of the above noted strain as a result of the shed-forming sections 2y passing freely through and rear-- Wardly beyond the heddle Wires 25 and being there connected by the anchor sections 5 to the fixed anchorages v I0, With the improved construction, as the heddle Wires 25 are raised and lowered, there is a pivotal sliding movement between the two, the ends of the slot orr eye 24pmducing the pivotal movement of the section 2 with respect to the section I, whileI at the same time permitting longitudinal movementofthe section 2 through theY eye 24, by Which the latral or transverse strain on the heddle wire is eliminated.

lAs the relative movable sections of the gaugev wire pass from theextreme position '(b) to the extreme position (c), and vice versa, through-the median position (a), causing.' a lengthening and? shortening of the distance between Vthe points 3, andV 3 along. the line (a), the springs I2' Will'V yield and retract accordingly, during such changes of distance-between the two points, andi maintain a` substantially constantv uniform tenev sion on the gauge wires; The rocking motionv between the concaved edges Il andl Zqof the-crescent openings I6 and"V 2|, in the opposite ends of the/sectionl 2, with respect tothe flat surfaces formecl'on the inner surfaces ofthe loops I5v and I8: ofl the sectionsI' and 5 respectively, eliminates wear at the pivots'-l between saidf sections and lengthens the useful life of the Wires.

I claim:

1. A gauge wire for cooperative association with a control heddle in weavingffabrics, said gauge wire being composed of two end sections andan intermediate se'ctionpivotally connected in end to end longitudinalv succession, one end sectionf being adapted'tol beY woven into the fabric and" -to be slipped longitudinally thereina'nd with re- 2, A gaugewire for Acooperative associa-tionwith v a controlheddlein weaving. fabrics, said gauge Wire being composed ofitwoend sections and an: intermediatesectionpivotally connectedin end to end longitudinal succession, one end'section being.

adapted to be4 woven. into: theA fabricv and to be slipped` longitudinally thereinand with. respect", thereto, the 'intermediate sec'tion being adapted*r tov pass through an elongated' eye in the heddle to provide al pivotalvv and transversely slidable con-z nection with said-heddle', andlres'ilient means. -fon anchoring the second?'endl` section: against'. sub1-2 stantial longitudinal movement to effect said slippage of the opposite end section and relieve said heddle of attending transverse strains.

3. A'gauge Wire for cooperative association with a control heddle in weaving fabrics, said gauge Wire being composed of two end sections and an intermediate section pivotally connected in end to end longitudinal succession, one end section being adapted to be Woven into the fabric and to be slipped longitudinally therein and with respect thereto, the intermediate section being adapted to pass through an elongated eye in the heddle to provide a pivotal and transversely slidable connection with said heddle, and means for anchoring the second end section against substantial longitudinal movement to effect said slippage of the opposite end section and relieve said heddle of attending transverse strains, said anchorage comprising a rigid bar for connection with a plurality of said gauge Wires in side by side relation along said bar to effect simultaneous uniform slippage of the Woven-in ends of said plurality of gauge Wires.

4. A gauge Wire for cooperative association with a control heddle in weaving fabrics, said gauge Wire being composed of two end sections and an intermediate section pivotally connected in end to end longitudinal succession, one end section being adapted to be Woven into the fabric and to be slipped longitudinally therein and with respect thereto, the intermediate section being adapted to pass through an elongated eye in the heddle to provide a pivotal and transversely slidable connection with said heddle, means for anchoring the second end section against substantial longitudinal movement to eiect said slippage of the opposite end section and relieve said heddle of attending transverse strains, said anchorage comprising a rigid bar for connection With ay plurality of said gauge Wires in side by side relation along Said bar to effect simultaneous uniform slippage of the Woven-in ends of said plurality of gauge Wires, and resilient means connecting said bar to a rigid support at predetermined points along the length of said bar.

JULIUS A. GOETZ. 

